Steam boiler and superheater



May 17, 1932. H. J. KRR v1,858,363

STEAM BOILER AND SUPEHHEATER Filed Feb. 7, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l V i amFgff ATTORNEY s May 17, 1932.

H`. J. KERR STEAM BOILER AND SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. 7, 1929 3She'ets-heet 2 NVENTOR My@ 752m/ BY Mav 17, 1932. H L KERR 1,858,363

- STEAM BOILR AND SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. '7, 1929 's sheets-sheet s mINVENRM UNITED STATES PATENT f Patented May 17, 1932 oFF-ice. L

Y. HOWARD J, Kenn, or Wnsrr'mrn, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR To Tnn -nABoooK eWincor:

COMPANY, or BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A ConroRA'rToN or NEW JERSEY l vSTEAMBOILER AND SUPERHEATER Application-filed February?, 1929, -Serial No.$8,111.

My invention is particularly useful in con-` nection with a steamVboiler having spaced banks of inclined water tubes with a superheaterlocated between the two banks, though it will be understood that myinvention is not limited to this position of the superheater.

My invention will best be understood by reference to theaccompanyingdrawings, in

which I have illustrated certain embodiments thereof, and in which Fig.1 is a vertical seca sectional elevation taken on the line `5*-5 of Fig.4; Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation taken Qn-the line 6-6 of Fig. 4, andFig. 7 is a sectional eleifation taken on the line7-'7 ofv comprisingupper and lower spaced banks of- 'water tubes 11 and 12, certain of thetubes in thevmiddle portion of each bank being omit-l ted in thedrawings.' Thetubes of the two banks are connected atvone end to the.downtake headers indicated generally at 13, and

comprising an upper nest of headers 131 to which the tubes of the bank11 are connected at one end and a lower nest 13 2 to which the tubesofthe lower bank 12 are connected at one end. The headers 131 and 132 areconnected together by nipples 14, and the upper ends of the headers 131are connected to the steam andjwater druinby nipples 15. Y

Similarly, the opposite .ends ofthe tubes ,L 1l` and 12 are connectedt'oheaders indicated generally at 16the tubes of thebank 11 beingconnected to upper headers 161, and the tubes of the lower bank12 beingconnected to Alower headers 162 the two sets of headers 9vbeing,connected together by tubes 17, and

theupperhaders .16.1 being connected to the steam and Water drum byreturn tubes 18. Preferably, two adjacent nipples, which connect'theupperand lower nests of headers, are bent awayl from each other as at141 (see Fig. 2). In the embodiment illustrated, the nipples so bent arelocated at the downtake` end of the boiler. l l

Steam is supplied to the superheater, which is indicated generally at.19, through a plurality ofvsteam outlet pipes 20 which are connected atone end to the steam and water drum, and spaced-therealong preferablyatvthe topcenter line thereof, as .best y shown in Fig. 1. In theembodiment illustrated, the tubes 20 are arranged in a plurality ofgroups, here shown as four in number, which supply steainto acorresponding number of. sections ofthe superheater. The steam outletpipes 20 pass downwardly alongside vof the drum, pass through the frontcasing ini-l mediately beneath the drum asillustrated in Fig. 1', andthen pass downwardly in front of the headers l13 and between the headersand,

the front, casing. The outlet pipes 2O` are preferably vprovided withremovable flanged sections 21 opposite'the upper' bank of tubes topermit thewithdrawal or cleaning of the boiler ytubes in the upper bankor deck from the'downtalce end of the boiler when necessary. The steamsupply tubes are located far enough away fromv the downtake headerstopermitthe .removal of the handhole plates thereof (not illustrated). f Y

vThe steam outlet pipes 2O arebent at their lower ends, as-at 22, thepipes of a given group preferably beingbent into the same vertical planeas illustratedin Fig, 2, and the bent o portions extending lbetween thebent nipples lllvinto the space between the upper and lower` banks ofltubes, the bent ends of the tubes preferably being parallel, as at 23,as. illustrated in Fig, 1.` l

The end of each of thepipes 23 is connected to a branched fitting 24,'as best shown. in Fig. 3, and a plurality of superheater tubes 2.5, hereillustrated as four A,in number, are connected to each branch as byexpanding and weldingtheir ends into openings inI the fiting. Thesuperheater tubes are preferably f'f' iii.

U-shaped in form, as best shown in Fig. 3, and each section preferablycomprises a plurality of loops. The opposite ends of the superheatertubes are connected to other fittings 26 which are, in turn, connectedby curved tubes 27 to similar fittings at the left thereof, and one'endof the next group of U-shaped tubes of a given section are connectedthereto. The extreme ends of the tubes of a givenl section arepreferably "connected to a fittin 241 which is the same as or similar tothe tting 24, and these fittings are., in turn, connected by tubes 242to a header or headers 28. In the embodiment of`V my inventionillustrated, one header is illustrated at the left-hand end of theboiler as viewed in Fig. 3, and a similar header, not illustrated, wouldbe located at-the righthand end thereof. In the embodiment illustrated,one of the headers 28 serves two sections of the superheater, whilethe-header at the other end of the :boiler-would serve the other twosections thereof. The outlet of the headerv is indicated at 29; l

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. l and 2, theend-of the superheater adjacent to the fittings 24 is supported Y bysuspension members 30, preferably in the form of rods, whichare'clampedor otherwise secured to the lower row of tubes of the upperbank as at 31, though it will, of course, be

understood that it could be 'supported by a plate or plates surroundingtheboiler tubes 11 of the upper bank. The rods or bars 30 preferablyextend between the superheater tubes 25 to the lower side of thesuperheater, and may be secured to a bar 32 as shown, on which in turnis supported a bafiie 33 which may be made up of va plurality of plates(see Fig. 3) provided with openings the walls surrounding which engagethe ends of the superheater tubes adjacent vtothe fittings 24.

A baffle 34 extends upwardly across theY tubes of-the'upper bank'll, aplate or fitting 35 being interposed between the lower end of thisbaffle and the plate 33 which extends across the superheater` tubes andforming Ia seal therebetween. This bafiie comprises a flame plate 341fitted around the tubes of the upper bank, and tiles 342 are supportedby said plate.y The ends of the superheat-er tubes adjacent to 4thefittings are'thus supported by all of the tubes of the upper` bankthrough the suspension members 30 to the tubes of the lower row of theupper bank, and through the flame plate 341 to the remaining tubesthereof.

The combustion chamber is illustrated atl 36 beneath the lower bank oftubes which are preferably exposed for substantially 1their entirelength to the radiant heat of the furthe superheatertubes and over thefirst pass of the tubes of the upper bank, then downwardly over thesecond pass ofthe upper bank and upwardly. to an Voutlet flue.

The outlet headers 28 are preferably anchored to the upper row of tubesof the lower bank 12, as at 41, and the straight pipes 23 are preferablyanchored against the nipples 14 by suitable clamping or other members,asiat .42. The free ends of the U- tubes of the superheater aresupported by a pierf43 which extends across and is supported by theupper row of tubes 12 of the lower bank. plate 431fhaving a flange towhich is secured a plate 432 extending downwardly across and surroundingsome of the tubes 12 of the lower bank. therefore, is` supported fromthe boiler tubes of the upper bank. while the opposite end'Y thereof issupportedffrom boiler tubes of the lower bank. Longitudinal'movementofthe superheater is prevented by the lanchoring members" 41 and 42. Thesections can be replaced by disconnecting the tube and branch fittings,raising them above the other sections and passing 4them out through adoor in the side wall A(not illustrated). `In the embodiment of myinvention'illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, no ycommon steam inlet header forthe superheater-isprovided,I an equal distribution of the vsteam from'the steam and water drum to the various tubes of the superheater beingprovided b v means of the branched fittings. While I have illustrated.each Vfitting as comprising a single branch, it will, of course, beunderstood that thesev branches could themselves be subdi common' mainby means of fittingsof thev same or-similar character as those bywhichsteam isl led to the superheater, it only being necessary to multiplythe number of such fit-v tings connected in series parallel relation.

All of the' superheater tubes are preferably of the same diameter, asillustrated. 1 j

j In the embodiment ofmy invention illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7, thesteam boiler may be ofthe samev general character as that illus-V tratedin Figs. 1 to 3,v the same comprising upperV and lower banks of tubes 11and 12 which are shown in only a fragmentary man- This pier preferablycomprises a" loo ner, and which are connected to downtake g l anduptake-headers which may, .in turn,':be

connected to a steam andwater-drumin the` same manner as illustratedin'Figs. 1 toz3'.

Instead `of conducting the steam from; ythev To each of the fittings 26aare connected' a plurality of superheater tubes 25,a having reversebends, as at 45, toform-loops 46, the tubes being spaced byk spacingplates 25". Both the loops ,46 and the straight portions of the tubesextending from the fittingsv are preferably substantially parallel totheboiler tubes and to each other as illustrated. Thel other ends of thesuperheater tubes are similarly connected to outlet fittings 261a whichare, in turn, connected by pipes 47 to the outlet header 28a.

Bot-h the inlet header 44 and the outlet header 28 are preferablysupported on saddles 48 which are, in turn, supported on tubes 12 of thelower bank.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4, both ends of the superheatertubes are preferably suspended from the tubes of the upper bank bysuspension members 49 and 50 which may be arranged in a manner similarto the suspension members shown in Fig. l.

I claim:

l. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a steam and water drum, twospaced banks of water tubes connected at one end to compartmentsconnected by nipples, two adjacent nipples being bent away from eachother, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to the steam space ofsaid steam and water drum and extending between said bent nipples intothe space between said banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes areconnected, and superheater tubes located between said banks of boilertubes Vand connected at one end to said fittings.

2. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a steam and water drum, twospaced banks of inclined water tubes connected at their ends tovertically spaced nests of downtake and uptake headers connected bynipples, two adjacent nipples at one end of the boiler being bent awayfrom each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to thesteam space of said steam and water drum and extending downwardly there-`from, said tubes being bent at different levels into the same Verticalplane and extending between said bent nipples into the space betweensaid banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes are connected, andsuperheater tubes located between said banks of boiler tubes andvconnected at one .end to said fit# tings. a

3.-.In combination, a ste-am boiler comprising a steam and water drum,two spaced banks of inolinedi-watervtubes connected at theirtends tovertically spaced nests of downtake and .uptake headers connectedbynipples,t'wo adjacent nipples at the downtake end of the boiler beingbent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connectedto the steam space. of said steam and water drum. andA extendingldownwardly therefroimsaid pipes being bent at different levels .into thesame ,vertical plane and .extending between said bent nipples into lthespace between said banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes-areconnected, and superheater tubesglocated between said banks of tubes and.connected at lone end to said fittings.- s

4.- Incombination, a steam-boiler comprising a steam'jand water drum,two spaced banks of inclinedl water tubes-connectedat their ends toverticallyspaced nests of downtake and. uptake headers connectedV bynipples, two adjacent nipples at one end ofthe boiler being bent awayfrom each other, `a plurality of-outlet steam pipes connected to thesteamspace of said steam and waterdrum and extending, downwardlytherefrom, said pipes being' bent at different levels into the samevertical plane and extending between said bent nipples into the spacebetween said banks of tubes, lbranched fittings to which said .pipesarel connected, and -superheater tubes located between said banks ofboiler tubes i,andvconnected at `one end to the branchesofsaid-fittings. Y Y Y .5. In combination, a steam boiler comprising asteam and water drum, two spaced banks of inclinedwater tubes connectedat their ends to verticallyspaced nests of downtake and vuptake headersconnected by nipples, two adjacent nipplesrat the downtake end of saidboiler lbeing bent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steampipes connected to thev steam space of said steami and waterdrumandextending downwardly therefrom, said pipes being bent at differentlevels into the same vertical plane and eX- tending ,between said bentnipples, fittings to which said pipes are connected, superheatertubes-located between said banks. of -boiler tubes and connected atoneend to said fittings, headers with which the other ends ofsaidlsupperheater tubes communicate, said outlet `steam pipes beinganchored against said vnipples and said headers being anchored' tosaidlower bank of boiler tubes.

6.7I-n a steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superheater, a'plurality ofsaturated steam outlet'pipesleading from said steam Spacetosaid superheater, branched fittings to which therirespective outletpipes are connected, each branched f ittin g supplying steam`toa'plurality of sets'of superheater tubesy connected in series, thetubes supplied from the respective branches beingcconnectedfin parallel.i il f lTun a steam boiler comprising a steam space, `a super-heater, aplurality of saturated steam outlet pipes leading from said steam spaceto said super-heater, branched fittings to which the respectiveoutletpipes are connected, each branched fitting supplying steam toaplurality of' lsets of super-heater tubes connected `in series, thetubes supplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel,said supeilieater tubes lying in the fourcorners of a square.

8; In aV steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superlieater, aplurality of saturated steam outlet pipes leadingfrom said steam spaceto said super-heater, branched fittings 1' to which the respectiveoutlet pipesare connected,-each branched fitting supplying steam to aplurality of' sets ofsuperheater tubes connected inl series, the tubessupplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel, and abranched fitting vto the respective branches of which the opposite endsof saidv superheater tubes are connected.

9. 'In a steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superheater, aplurality of saturated steamoutlet pipes leading from said steam spaceto said superheater, branched fittings to which the respective outletpipes are connected, each branched fitting supplying steamv to aplurality of sets of superheater tubes connected` inseries, the tubesksupplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel, the'same number of tubes being connected to each branch `of' said fittings,and all of said tubes being substantially of the same diameten f 1l.'In'combination with a steam boiler having a bank of inclined steamgenerating i tubes, a baiile separating a high temperature gas pass anda'low temperature gas pass, a row of saturated steam supply tubeslocated in the lowtemperature gas pass, distributor fittings securedtothe tubes, groups of superheater tubes with' the tubes of each grouphaving their inlet ends joined to a fitting, the superheater tubes eachhaving its main portion formed as a flat coil of U-shaped N form, andsuperheated steam tubes each having a distributor fitting securedthereto and located outside the high temperature gas pass, all of thesuperheater tubes leading .from one of the' first fittings' having theirdis-f charge ends secured to one ofthe second nien# tioned fittings. Y y

l2. In combination, a .steamboiler comprising two vertically spacedbanks of inclined water tubes,y vertically1w spaced rows of uptakeanddowntakeheaders connected to opposite ends Tofthe tubes of each ofsaidbanks', nipples'connecti'ngthe headersat eachV end of said banks, asteam and water drum connected to saidftubebanks, a'superheatercomprising a plurality of horizontally spaced groups of return bendtubes arranged between said banks, and means foi-.uniformly distributingsteam to said superheatertubel groups and effecting a high 'velocityflow there. through including.; connections passingbe'-' tween saidwater tube banks and separately' and directly connect-ingsaidsuperheater-tube groupsto said steam andwater drum.

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